发布日期：2026-03-07 11:43 点击次数：149
周三，一位联邦法官下令特朗普政府初始一项漫长的任务：向那些交纳了最高法院近期裁定无效关税的公司退还数百亿好意思元。
理查德·伊顿法官由前总统比尔·克林顿任命，他在一份三页的号令中防护证据了这项展望波及1300亿好意思元的退款经由。他显露，退款经由将领先由好意思国海关和边境保护局计较入口商在莫得这些现已无效的关税的情况下本应交纳的税款。伊顿还明确显露，他对这些退款领有专属统带权。现在，已有朝上1000家公司就此向好意思国外洋买卖法院拿告状讼。
伊顿写说念：“首席法官已标明，我是独一有权审理与《外洋进军经济权利法》关税退款案件的法官。因此，其他法官，即使是本法院的法官，也不会得出任何相背的论断。”
此案由Atmus Filtration公司拿起，该公司曾交纳特朗普总统前年依据《外洋进军经济权利法》进军对着实统共国度征收的关税。
《外洋进军经济权利法》是一项1977年颁布的法律，允许总统在因番邦威逼文书国度进军情景后，对某些经济走动进行监管或隔绝，举例实施制裁。
本年2月，最高法院以6比3的投票箝制，隔绝特朗普期骗该进军情景法对买卖伙伴征收大界限关税。无数认识以为，开云体育官方网站即使在文书国度进军情景之后，《外洋进军经济权利法》也未授权征收关税，因为国会并未明确赋予行政部门这项权利。
伊顿显露，UED体育中国官方网站入口统共交纳了这些关税的入口商齐有权从最高法院的裁决中受益。
伊顿还显露，好意思国海关与边境保护局应将受影响的入口额计较为如同从未征收过这些关税相同，法官默示这将最终为探讨公司取得退款铺平说念路。
最高法院无数派在其裁决中并未波及退款措施，而是将其交由下级法院解决。然则，布雷特·卡瓦诺大法官在其异议认识中质疑好意思国财政部如何才调向企业退还数百亿好意思元的税款，并告戒称这将带来“严重的本体效果”。
卡瓦诺写说念：“好意思国可能需要向已交纳《外洋进军经济权利法》关税的入口商退还数百亿好意思元，即便一些入口商可能依然将本钱转嫁给了消耗者或其他方。正如在理论申辩中承认的那样，退款措施很可能是一团糟。”
伊顿大法官在发布号令前的一次听证会上反驳了这一不雅点。
据《政客》报说念，伊顿大法官显露：“提供退款并莫得什么极端新颖之处……我折服，提供这些退款不会酿成繁杂，也不会导致一团糟。”
特朗普政府在听证会上显露，可能会对伊顿法官推迟奉行该号令的裁决冷漠上诉。福克斯新闻数字频说念已探讨白宫寻求置评。
伊顿法官将于周五主抓召开闭门会议，与案件各方进一步揣摸退款经由。
A federal judge ordered the Trump administration on Wednesday to begin the drawn-out task of refunding billions of dollars to companies that paid tariffs the Supreme Court recently invalidated.
Judge Richard Eaton， an appointee of former President Bill Clinton， laid out the estimated $130 billion refund process in a three-page order， saying it would begin with U.S. Customs and Border Protection calculating what importers would have paid without the now-invalid tariffs. Eaton also made clear he had sole jurisdiction over the refunds， which more than 1，000 companies have sued over in the U.S. Court of International Trade.
“The Chief Judge has indicated that I am the only judge who will hear cases pertaining to the refund of [International Emergency Economic Powers Act] duties，” Eaton wrote. “So there is no danger that another Judge， even one in this Court， will reach any contrary conclusions.”
The case in question was brought by Atmus Filtration， Inc.， a company that paid President Donald Trump’s tariffs， which Trump imposed on nearly every country on an emergency basis under IEEPA last year.
The IEEPA is a 1977 law that allows the president – after declaring a national emergency in response to foreign threats – to regulate or block certain economic transactions， such as by imposing sanctions.
The Supreme Court decided 6-3 in February to block Trump’s use of the emergency law to impose sweeping tariffs on trading partners. The majority held that IEEPA does not authorize tariffs， even after a national emergency declaration， because Congress did not clearly grant the executive branch that power.
{jz:field.toptypename/}All importers who paid those duties were entitled to benefit from the Supreme Court’s ruling， Eaton said.
Eaton said CBP should calculate the affected imports as if the tariffs had never applied， which the judge signaled would eventually pave the way for refunds to the companies.
The Supreme Court majority left the refund process unaddressed in its decision， leaving it to the lower courts to mete out. Justice Brett Kavanaugh， however， questioned in his dissent how the U.S. Treasury could go about refunding companies to the tune of billions of dollars， warning of “serious practical consequences.”
“The United States may be required to refund billions of dollars to importers who paid the IEEPA tariffs， even though some importers may have already passed on costs to consumers or others，” Kavanaugh wrote. “As was acknowledged at oral argument， the refund process is likely to be a ‘mess.’”
Eaton disputed that notion during a hearing just prior to issuing his order.
“There is nothing particularly novel about the provision of refunds. … I believe that there will be no chaos associated with the provision of these refunds and that it will not result in a mess，” Eaton said， according to Politico.
The Trump administration indicated during the hearing that it is likely to appeal Eaton’s order to delay it from taking effect. Fox News Digital reached out to the White House for comment.
Eaton is set to preside over a closed-door conference with the parties in the case on Friday to further discuss the refund process.
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